Ventilation data
| Pneumothorax group (n=13) | Control group (n=13) | P value | |
| High-frequency jet ventilation* | |||
| At birth | 7 (54) | 5 (38) | 0.43 |
| Within 1 hour of birth | 10 (77) | 6 (46) | 0.11 |
| At pneumothorax | 10 (77) | 4 (31) | 0.03 |
| At ECLS | 10 (77) | 6 (46) | 0.35 |
| Combined data | |||
| Peak inspiratory pressures (cmH2O)† | |||
| At birth | 32 [28 to 36] | 27 [23 to 31] | 0.05 |
| Within 1 hour of birth | 33 [29 to 37] | 27 [24 to 31] | 0.05 |
| At pneumothorax | 36 [32 to 40] | 27 [23 to 31] | <0.002 |
| At ECLS | 40 [36 to 44] | 30 [25 to 35] | 0.001 |
| PEEP (cmH2O)† | |||
| At birth | 7.5 [6 to 8.5] | 6 [4.5 to 7] | 0.06 |
| Within 1 hour of birth | 8.5 [7 to 9.5] | 6 [5 to 7] | 0.02 |
| At pneumothorax | 8.5 [7 to 9.5] | 6 [5 to 7] | 0.003 |
| At ECLS | 9.5 [8 to 10.5] | 7 [6 to 8.5] | 0.02 |
| Mean airway pressure (cmH2O)† | |||
| At birth | 13.4 [11.7 to 15] | 10 [8.5 to 11.8] | 0.01 |
| Within 1 hour of birth | 13.9 [12.3 to 15.6] | 11 [9.4 to 12.6] | 0.01 |
| At pneumothorax | 13.4 [11.8 to 15] | 11.1 [9.5 to 12.7] | 0.04 |
| At ECLS | 13.2 [11.5 to 14.8] | 14.9 [13.3 to 16.6] | 0.14 |
| Conventional ventilation‡ | |||
| Peak inspiratory pressures (cmH2O)† | |||
| At birth | 25 [20 to 30] | 24 [20 to 29] | 0.78 |
| Within 1 hour of birth | 24 [20 to 27] | 24 [20 to 27] | 0.85 |
| At pneumothorax | 25 [22 to 29] | 22 [18 to 26] | 0.17 |
| At ECLS | 24 [20 to 28] | 23 [19 to 28] | 0.80 |
| PEEP (cmH2O)† | |||
| At birth | 6.0 [4.5 to 7.5] | 5.5 [4.3 to 6.8] | 0.63 |
| Within 1 hour of birth | 8 [6.7 to 9.3] | 6.6 [5.5 to 7.6] | 0.08 |
| At pneumothorax | 8.2 [7.2 to 9.2] | 6.2 [5.1 to 7.4] | 0.01 |
| At ECLS | 9.3 [8.2 to 10.4] | 6.6 [5.3 to 8.0] | 0.002 |
| High-frequency jet ventilation§ | |||
| Peak inspiratory pressures (cmH2O)† | |||
| At birth (7/5 pts) | 37 [33 to 41] | 30 [26 to 35] | 0.02 |
| Within 1 hour of birth (9/5 pts) | 38 [34 to 42] | 32 [28 to 37] | 0.05 |
| At pneumothorax (10/4 pts) | 40 [36 to 43] | 36 [31 to 41] | 0.19 |
| At ECLS (10/6 pts) | 40 [37 to 44] | 35 [31 to 40] | 0.06 |
| PEEP (cmH2O)† | |||
| At birth (7/5 pts) | 8.5 [7.3 to 9.7] | 7.4 [5.9 to 8.9] | 0.25 |
| Within 1 hour of birth (9/5 pts) | 8.9 [7.6 to 10.3] | 7.6 [6.2 to 9.1] | 0.19 |
| At pneumothorax (10/4 pts) | 8.8 [7.6 to 9.9] | 7.6 [6.0 to 9.1] | 0.22 |
| At ECLS (10/6 pts) | 9.3 [8.2 to 10.4] | 7.9 [6.4 to 9.3] | 0.12 |
P-value ≤0.05 is considered statistically significant.
*Data presented as proportion (%).
†Data presented as mean [CI].
‡Includes all patients.
§Includes only patients who were on HFJV (pneumothorax group/control group).
CI, Confidence interval; ECLS, extracorporeal life support; HFJV, high-frequency jet ventilation; PEEP, positive end-expiratory pressure; pts, patients.