Patients’ demographic and clinical data
| Parameter | Patient group (n=48) | Control group (n=46) | P value* |
| Median age at operation, years† | 16.7 (8.5–19.1) | 16.2 (10.1–18.8) | 0.226 |
| Side of torsion, n (%) | 0.257 | ||
| Right | 21 (44) | 22 (48) | |
| Left | 27 (56) | 24 (52) | |
| Clinical scrotal findings, n (%) | |||
| Tenderness | 44 (92) | 45 (98) | 0.829 |
| Swelling/erythema | 44 (92) | 42 (91) | 0.659 |
| High-riding testis | 39 (81) | 38 (87) | 0.271 |
| Lower abdominal pain | 3 (6) | 3 (6.5) | 0.121 |
| Nausea and vomiting | 3 (6) | 4 (9) | 0.109 |
| Fever ˃38.5°C | 1 (2) | 2 (4) | 0.831 |
| Pyuria | 1 (2) | 2 (4) | 0.831 |
| Scrotal Doppler ultrasonography (blood flow), n (%) | 0.895 | ||
| Absent | 45 (94) | 42 (91) | |
| Present | 3 (6) | 4 (9) | |
| Torsion outcome, n (%) | 0.357 | ||
| Detorsion (fixation) | 35 (73) | 36 (78) | |
| Orchiectomy | 13 (27) | 10 (22) | |
| MTV of torsed testes, cm3† | 10.5 (8.4–12.2) | 11.3 (9.3–12.3) | 0.301 |
| MTV of normal testes, cm3† | 14.9 (12.1–17.4) | 16.1 (12.9–18.5) | 0.267 |
P value: comparison between the patient group and the control group.
*Mann-Whitney U test.
†Values are presented as median (interquantile range, IQR).
MTV, median testicular volume.