Common time period of biomarkers predicting neonatal CS-AKI
| Biomarker | Time |
| uNGAL | 2–12 hours postoperatively |
| sCys C | 2–8 hours postoperatively |
| uL-FABP | 2–6 hours postoperatively |
| uKIM-1 | 6–12 hours postoperatively |
| uIL-18 | 4–12 hours postoperatively |
CS-AKI, acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery; sCys C, serum cystatin C; uIL-18, urinary interleukin-18; uKIM-1, urinary kidney injury molecule-1; uL-FABP, urinary liver fatty acid-binding protein; uNGAL, urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin.