Table 1

Characteristics of the cohort studies included in the analysis

AuthorsPublication yearStudy designCountryNumber of patients (AS/C)Sex (M/F)Hernia size
(large/small)		Premature infants/mature infantsAge at which strapping was first applied (mean)Observation period
Haworth51956CohortUK51/49AS: 34/17
CL: 32/17		AS: 13/38
C: 12/37		NR1 month: 1
1–2 months: 40
3–6 months: 8
>6 months: 2		By the age of 12 months
Karlström91961CohortSweden56/68NRAS*: 22/34
C*: 18/50		NR1–2 monthsBy the age of 12 months
Halpern101962CohortUSA29/118Total: 62/85AS†: 18/11
C†: 25/93		NRNRNR
Angel-Lord111971CohortAustralia87/78AS: 58/29
C: 35/43		NRAS‡: 27/60
C‡: 11/67		<12 months12 months
Oshio et al22002CohortJapan102/24AS: 57/45
C: 17/7		NRNR25 days–4 months (59.9±18.9 days)Up to 27 months
Kanada et al142006CohortJapan32/32AS: 19/13
C: 21/11		NRNR1–4 months (2.1 months)By the age of 2 years
Hiraoka202014CohortJapan54/7NRAS: 48/6
C: 2/5		NRMostly <4 monthsUp to 18 months
Hayashida et al212017CohortJapan89/27AS: 45/44
C: 15/12		NRNR0.29±0.33 monthsNR
Kurobe et al162021CohortJapan87/30AS: 42/45
C: 19/11		NRAS§: 45/42 
C§: 0/30		1–3 months in mature infants (2 months)
1.5–5 months in premature infants (2.8 months)		Up to 39 months
Kitano et al172021Multi-institutional cohortJapan97/31AS: 58/41 (2 infants dropped)
C: 15/16		AS: 1.2±1.1 cm2
C: 1.8±1.0 cm2		NR≤6 monthsBy the age of 24 months

  • *Large hernias were defined as those with the orifice permitting the passage of a fingertip.

  • †Large hernias were defined as those with the orifice larger than 1 cm.

  • ‡The definition was not mentioned.

  • §Premature infants were defined as those treated in the neonatal intensive care unit due to either a gestational age of <33 weeks or birth weight <2500 g.

  • AS, adhesive strapping; C, control; F, female; M, male; NR, not reported.