Table 4

Survival analysis considering Down syndrome and congenital heart disease as risk factors in each group of anomaly

Disease groupSurvival at 1 yearP value*Survival at 1 yearP value
HR (95% CI)HR (95% CI)
ESOWithout DS86.56%0.941Without CHD90.15%0.004
With DS85.71%0.93 (0.12 to 6.81)With CHD78.32%2.72 (1.34 to 5.52)
CDOWithout DS94.25%0.122Without CHD94.32%0.004
With DS85.10%2.31 (0.77 to 6.92)With CHD80.48%4.42 (1.48 to 13.19)
INTESWithout DS92.64%0.245Without CHD92.61%0.299
With DS80.00%3.23 (0.40 to 26.31)With CHD83.33%2.89 (0.35 to 23.49)
HSCRWithout DS97.01%<0.001Without CHD96.67%<0.001
With DS74.47%7.57 (4.12 to 13.91)With CHD75.78%5.82 (2.85 to 11.92)
5.55 (2.63 to 11.75)†2.11 (0.88 to 5.10)†
ARMWithout DS93.27%0.595Without CHD95.68%<0.001
With DS92.19%1.24 (0.56 to 2.78)With CHD81.89%4.57 (2.55 to 8.21)
OMPWithout DS90.29%0.726Without CHD92.56%0.026
With DS100.00%NAWith CHD77.78%4.68 (1.05 to 20.93)
GASWithout DS93.44%NAWithout CHD92.43%0.612
With DSNANAWith CHD100.00%NA
CDHWithout DS91.92%0.006Without CHD96.66%<0.001
With DS50.00%10.83 (1.29 to 90.64)With CHD66.67%12.97 (2.51 to 66.98)
19.90 (1.66 to 239.23)†15.49 (2.75 to 87.08)†
OverallWithout DS94.31%<0.001Without CHD95.32%<0.001
With DS84.92%2.54 (1.72 to 3.76)With CHD78.80%4.93 (3.60 to 6.76)
1.34 (0.87 to 2.04)†4.53 (3.21 to 6.37)†
  • *P value of log-rank test.

  • †Adjusted HR.

  • ARM, anorectal malformation; CDH, congenital diaphragmatic hernia; CDO, congenital duodenal obstruction; CHD, congenital heart disease; CI, confidence interval; DS, Down syndrome; ESO, esophageal malformation; GAS, gastroschisis; HR, hazard ratio; HSCR, Hirschsprung’s disease; INTES, jejunoileal atresia; NA, not analyzed; OMP, omphalocele.